Which of the following positions would best demonstrate the left Apophyseal articulations of the lumbar vertebrae?

Demonstration of the posterior fat pad on the lateral projection of the adult elbow can be caused by

trauma or other pathologyless than 90=degree flexion

Which statements regarding knee x-ray arthrography is (are) true?

Ligament tears can be demonstrated.Sterile technique is observed.MRI can follow x-ray.

The coronoid process should be visualized in profile in which of the following positions

The male bony pelvis differs from the female bony pelvis in which way

The female pubic arch is greater than 90 degrees.The male ilium is more vertical.

Which techniques would provide a PA projection of the gastroduodenal surfaces of a barium-filled high and transverse stomach

Angle the CR 35 to 45 degrees cephalad

Which of the following is demonstrated in a 25-degree RPO position with the CR entering 1 inch medial to the elevated ASIS?

All of the following statements regarding respiratory structures are true except

the inferior portion of the lung is apexTRUE*the right lung has three lobes*each lung is enclosed in serous membrane*the main stem bronchi enter the lung hilum

All of the following statements regarding an exact PA Projection of the skull are true except

The MSP is parallel to IRTRUE*the OML is perpendicular to IR*the petrous pyramids fill the orbits*the CR is perpendicular to the IR and exits at nasion

The relationship between the ends of fractured long bones is referred to as

Pacemaker electrodes can be introduced through the vein in the chest or upper extremity, from where they are advanced to the

Widening of the intercostal spaces is characteristics of which conditions

Which structures is (are) located in the RUQ?

Hepatic flexure and Gallbladder

A lateral projection of the larynx is occassionally required to rule out foreign body, polyps, or tumor. The CR should be directed

to the level of laryngeal prominence

During an upper gastrointestinal examination, a stomach of average shape demonstrates a barium-filled fundus and double contrast of the pylorus and duodenal bulb. The position used is most likely

Which of the following articulations participate(s) in formation of the ankle mortise?

Talotibial and TAlofibular

Which projection of the foot will best demostrate the longitudinal arch?

Graves disease is associated with

To best visualize the lower ribs, the exposure should be made

In the AP Axial Projection (Towne method) of the skull, with the CR directed 30 degrees caudad to the OML and passing midway between the external auditory meatus, which of the following is best demonstrated

The right posterior oblique (Judet Method) of the right acetabulum will demonstrate the

anterior rim of the right acetabulumright iliac wing

Below diaphragm ribs are better demontrated when

the patient is in the recumbent position

A frontal view of the sternum is best accomplished in which positions?

What is the name of the condition that results in the forward slipping of one vertebra on the one below it?

During atrial systole, blood flows into the

left ventricle via the bicuspid valveright ventricle via tricuspid valve

How should the chest examination to rule out air-fluid levels be obtained on a patient having traumatic injuries?

Include a lateral chest examination performed in dorsal decubitus position

All of the following statements regarding the use of iodinated contrast agents with patients taking metformin hydrochloride are true except

metformin should be held for 48 hours before IV iodinated contrast studiesTRUE*metformin is used to help lower blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetic patients*patients in metformin who have intravenous(IV) iodinated contrast agent administration are at risk for renal failure*metformin should be withheld for 48 hours after IV iodinated contrast studies

Which of the following positions is essential in radiography of the paranasal sinuses

What projection of the os calsis is obtained with the leg extended, the plantar surface of the foot vertical and perpendicular to the IR, and the CR directed 40 degrees cephalad?

Axial plantodorsal projection

Which of the following is an important consideration to avoid excessive metacarpophalangeal joint overlap in the oblique position of the hand?

Oblique the hand no more than 45 degrees

All of the following positions is most likely to place the right kidney parallel to the IR?

weight-bearing*RAO*LAO*PA

Which of the following positions is most likely to place the right kidney parallel to IR?

When examining a patient whose elbow is in partial flexion, how should an AP Projection be obtained?

With humerus parallel to IR, CR perpendicularWith forearm parallel to IR, CR perpendicular

Which of the following positions is required to demonstrate small amounts of air in the peritoneal cavity?

Lateral decubitus, affected side up

Which of the anatomic structures listed below is seen most anteriorly in a lateral projection of the chest?

For an AP projection of the knee on a patient whose measurement from ASIS to tabletop is 21cm, which CR direction will best demonstrate the knee joint?

0 degrees (perpendicular)

During GI radiography, the position of the stomach may vary depending

*the respiratory phase*body habitus*patient position

With a patient in the PA position and the OML perpendicular to the table, a 15 to 20-degree caudal angulation would place the petrous ridges in the lower third of the orbit. To achieve the same result in a baby or small child, it is necessary for the radiographer to modify the angulation to

In the lateral projection of the foot, the

Plantar surface should be perpendicular to IRMetatarsals are superimposed

Which of the following projections can be used to supplement the traditional "open-mouth" projection when the upper portion of the odontoid process cannot be well demonstrated?

AP or PA throug the foramen magnum

The floor of the cranium includes all the following bones except

A lateral projection of the hand extention is often recommended to evaluate

a foreign bodya soft tissue

Hysterosalpingography may be performed for demonstration of

*uterine tubal patency*mass lesions in the uterine cavity*uterine position

Which of the following equipment is necessary for ERCP?

A fluoroscopic unit with imaging device and tilt-table capabilitiesA fiberoptic endoscopePolyethylene catheters

With the patient recumbent on the xray table with the head lower than the feet, the patient is said to be in the

Which of the following positions can be used to demonstrate the axillary ribs of the right thorax?

In which projection of the foot are the interspaces between the first and the second cuneiforms best demonstrated?

The sternal angle is at approximately the same level as the

Which of the following structures is (are) located in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)?

Gallbladder, Hepatic Flexure

To demonstrate esophageal varices, the patient must be examined in

The tissue that occupies the central cavity within the shaft of a long bone in an adult is

All of the following structures are associated with the posterior femur except

All the following statements regarding pediatric positioning are true except

radiography of pediatric patients with a myelomeningocele defect should be performed in the supine position

Which of the following bony landmarks is in the same transverse plane as the symphysis pubis?

Prominence of the greater trochanter

A radiolucent sponge can be placed under the patient's waist for a lateral projection of the lumbosacral spine to

make the vertebral column parallel with the IRplace the intervertebral disk spaces perpendicular to the IR

To reduce the amount of scattered radiation reaching the IR in CR/DR imaging of the lumbosacral region, which of the following is (are) recommended?

Close collimationLead mat on table posterior to the patient

The act of expiration will cause the

sternum and ribs to move inferiorlydiaphragm to move superiorly

Evaluation criteria for a lateral projection of the humerus include

lesser tubercle in profilesuperimposed epicondyles

Which position of the shoulder demonstrates the lesser tubercle in profile medially?

With the patient in PA position, which of the following tube angle and direction combinations is correct for an axial projection of the clavicle?

Which of the following fracture classifications describes a small bony fragment pulled from a bony process?

What portion of the humerus articulates with the ulna to help form the elbow joint?

Movement of a part toward the midline of the body is termed

During the myelography, contrast medium is introduced into the

The junction of the sagittal and coronal sutures is the

A patient unable to extend his or her arm is seated at the end of the x-ray table, elbow flexed 90 degrees. The CR is directed 45 degrees medially. Which of the following structures will be demonstrated best?

Radial Head and Capitulum

Examples of synovial pivot articulations include the

atlantoaxial jointradioulnar joint

The lumbar transverse process is represented by what part of the "Scotty dog" seen in a correctly positioned oblique lumbar spine?

An injury to a structure located on the side opposite that of the primary injury is referred to as

In which of the following positions can the sesamoid bones of the foot be demonstrated to be free of superimposition with the metatarsals or phalanges?

Tangential metatarsals/toes

Which of the following conditions is limited specifically to the tibial tuberosity?

AP stress studies of the ankle may be performed

following inversion or eversion injuriesto demonstrate a ligament tear

Which of the following is (are) part of the bony thorax?

Aspirated foreign bodies in older children and adults are most likely to lodge in the

Which of the following articulate(s) with the bases of the metatarsals?

With the patient seated at the end of the xray table, elbow flexed 80 degrees, and the CR directed 45 degrees laterally from the shoulder to the elbow joint, which of the following structures will be demonstrated best?

The structures forming the brainstem include

pons, medulla oblongata, midbrain

The CR will parallel the intervertebral foramina in which of the following projections?

lateral thoracic spinelateral lumbar spine

What structure can be located midway between the anterosuperior iliac spine (ASIS) and pubic symphysis?

Which of the following positions demonstrates the sphenoid sinuses?

Modified Waters (mouth open)Lateral

The articular facets of L5-S1 are best demonstrated in a (n)

The patient,s chin should be elevated during chest radiography to

avoid superimposition on the apices

The secondary center of ossification in long bones is the

Medial displacement of a tibial fracture would be best demonstrated in the

The lumbar lamina is represented by what part of the "Scotty Dog" seen in a correctly positioned oblique lumbar spine view

Which of the following positions would best demonstrate the proximal tibiofibular articulation?

45-degree internal rotation

At what level do the carotid arteries bifurcate?

During a double-contrast BE, which of the following positions would afford the best double-contrast visualization of the lateral wall of the descending colon and the medial wall of the ascending colon

Which of the following conditions is often the result of ureteral obstruction or stricture?

Which of the following examinations involves the introduction of a radiopaque contrast medium through a uterine cannula?

All of the following statements regarding large bowel are true except

single-contrast studies help to demonstrate intraluminal lesions *the large bowel must be completely empty prior to examination *retained fecal material can obscure pathology *double-contrast studies help to demostrate mucosal lesions

In a lateral projection of the normal knee, the

*fibular head should be somewhat superimposed on the proximal tibia*patellofemoral joint should be visualized*femoral condyles should be superimposed

All elbow fat pads are best demonstrated in which position?

The term used to describe expectoration of blood from the bronchi is

Double contrast examinations of stomach or large bowel are performed to better visualize the

Which of the following are mediastinal structure*Heart*Trachea*Esophagus

heart, trachea and esophagus

In which position of the shoulder is the greater tubercle seen superimposed on the humeral head?

Which of the following articulations may be describes as diarthrotic?*Knee*Intervertebral joints*TMJ

Ulnar flexion/deviation will best demonstrate which carpal(s)?*Medial carpals*Lateral carpals*Scaphoid

Structures comprising the neural, or vertebral, arch include*pedicles*laminae*body

In which type of fracture are the splintered ends of bone forced through the skin?

The thoracic apophyseal joints are demonstrated with the

Which of the following may be used to evaluate the glenohumeral joint?*Scapular Y projection*Inferiorsuperior axial*Transthoracic Lateral

The long, flat structures that project posteromedially from the pedicles are the

The type of ileus characterized by cessation of peristalsis is termed

Radiography of which of the following structure(s) in the AP or PA position will inherently result in an image demonstrating shape distortion of the anatomic part?*Kidney*Scaphoid*Sigmoid

Which of the following procedures will best demonstrate the cephalic, basilic, and subclavian veins?

The body habitus charaterized by a long and narrow thoracic cavity and low midline stomach and gallbladder is the

Which should be performed to rule out subluxation or fracture of the cervical spine?

Which of the following is proximal to the carpal bones?

Which of the following statements regarding the scapular Y projection of the shoulder is (are) true?

The scapular borders should be superimposed on the humeral shaft.An oblique projection odf the shoulder is obtained.

Which of the following are characteristics of the hypersthenic body type?

*Short, wide, transverse heart*High and peripheral large bowel

Glossitis refers to inflammation of the

With the patient's head in a PA position and the CR sirected 20 degrees cephalad, which part of the mandible will be best visualized?

During IV urography, the prone position generally is recommended to demonstrate

*the filling of the ureters*the renal pelvis

The plane that passes vertically through the body, dividing it into anterior and posterior halves, is termed the

To demonstrate a profile view of the glenoid fossa, the patient is AP recumbentand oblique 45 degrees

During an air-contrast BE, in what part of the colon is air most likely to be visualized with the body in the AP recumbent position?

Central ray angulation may be required for

*foreshortening of self-superimposition*superimposition of overlying structures

Which of the following is recommended to better demonstrate the tarsometatarsal joints in a dorsoplantar projection of the foot?

Angle the CR 10 egrees posteriorly

Valid evaluation criteria for a lateral projection of the forearm requires that

*the radius and ulna be superimposed distally*the radial tuberosity should face anteriorly

Which of the following positions will provide an AP projection of the L5-S1 interspace?

Patient AP with 30-35 angle cephalad

Subject/object unsharpness can result from al of the following except when

anatomic object(s) of interest is/are in the path of the CR

The true lateral position of the skull uses which of the following principles

IPL perpendicular to IRIOML parallel to the transverse axis of the IR

A kyphotic curve is formed by which of the following?

*Sacral Vertebrae*Thoracic Vertebrae

Which of the following is (are) required for a lateral projection of the skull?

The IOML is parallel to IRThe MSP is parallel to IR

The ossified portion of a long bone where cartilage has been replaced by bone is known as the

Which of the following positions will most effectively move the gallbladder away from the vertebrae in an asthenic patient?

The illeocecal valve noramally is located in which of the following body regions?

Which of the following is (are) true regarding radiographic examination of the acromioclavicular joints?

*The procedure is performed in the erect position.*Use of weights can improve demonstration of joints.

A type of cancerous bone tumor occuring in children and young adults and arising from bone marrow is

Arteries and veins enter and exit the medial aspect of each lung at the

Which of the following skull positions will demonstrate the cranial base, sphenoidal sinuses, atlas and odontoid process?

Which of the following is (are) located on the anterior aspect of the femur?

An intrathecal injection is associated with which of the following examinations

Which of the following statements is (are) correct with respect to evaluation criteria for a PA projection of the chest for lungs?

*Sternal extremities of clavicles are equidistant from vertebral borders.*Ten posterior ribs are demonstrated above the diaphragm.

In which of the following positions/projections will the talocalcaneal joint be visualized?

Plantodorsal projection of the os calcis

In the lateral projection of the ankle, the

*talotibial joint is visualized*tibia and fibula are superimposed.

All the following positions are likely to be employed for both single- anddouble-contrast examinations of the large bowel except*lateral rectum*AP axial rectosignoid*right and left lateral decubitus abdomen*RAO and LAO abdomen

right and left lateral decubitus of the abdomen

Which of the ff can be used to demostrate the intercondyloid fossa?

*Prone, knee flexed 40 degrees, CR directed caudad 40 degrees to the popliteal fossa*Prone, patella parallel to IR, heel rotated 5 to 10 degrees lateral, CR perpendicular to knee joint

Which of the ff statements regrding the Norgaard method, "Ball Cather's position is (are) correct?

*Bilateral AP Oblique hands are obtained.*It is used for early detection of rheumatoid arthritis.*The hands are oblique about 45 degrees, palm up

With the px in the PA position and the OML and CR perpendicular to the IR, the resulting radiograph will demonstrate the petrous pyramids

completely within the orbits

When evaluating a PA Axial projection of the skull with a 15-degree caudal angle, the radiographer should see

*petrous pyramids in the lower third of the orbits*equal distance fro the lateral border of the skull to the lateral rim of the orbit bilaterally*symmetrical petrous pyramids

Which of the ff baium filled anatomic structures is best demonstrated in the LPO position?

The uppermost portion of the iliac crest is at approximately the same level as the

What is the position of the stomach in a hypersthenic patient?

In the anterior oblique position of the cervical spine, the structures est seen are the

intervertebral foramina nearest to the IR

During chest radiography, the act of inspiration

raises the ribsdepresses the abdominal viscera

in the lateral projection of the scapula, the

vertebral and axillary borders are superimposed

Which of the ff is (are) true in an AP Projection of the cervical spine?*Intervertebral disk spaces*C3-7 cervical bodies*Apophyseal joints

*Intervertebral disk spaces*C3-7 cervical bodies

Which of the following does the trapezium articulate?

Which of the following statements is (are) true regarding a PA Axial Projection of the paranasal sinuses?

*The OML is elevated 15degrees from the horizontal*The frontal and ethmoidal sinuses are visualized.

Tracheotomy is an effective technique used to restore breathing when there is

respiratory pathway obstruction above the larynx

To demonstrate the first two cervical vertebrae in the AP Projection, the patient is positioned so that

a line between maxillary occlusal plane and the mastoid tip is vertical

For which of the following conditions is operative cholangiography a useful tool?1. Patency of the billiary ducts2. Biliary tract calculi3. Galbladder calculi

For the average patient, the CR for the lateral projection of a barium-filled stomach should enter

midway between the midcoronal line and the anterior abdominal surface

Which of the ff positions is obtained with the patient lying supine on the radiographic table with the CR directed horizontally to the iliac crest?

Dorsal decubitus position

Which of the ff is (are) appropriate technique(s) for imaging a patient with traumatic spine injury?

*Maneuver the xray tube instead of moving the patient*Call for help and use the log-rolling method to turn the patient

Which of the ff is used to demonstrate vertical patellar fractures and the patellofemoral articulation?

Which of the ff examinations is used to demostrate vesicoureteral reflux?

Which of the ff should be demonstrated in a true AP projection of the clavicle?1. Clavicular Body2. AC joint3. Sternocostal joint

Which of the following projections is the talofibular joint is best demonstrated?

Free air in the abdominal cavity is best demonstrated in which position?

AP projection, left lateral decubitus position

Which of the ff sequences correctly describes the path of blood flow as it leaves the left ventricle?

Arteries, arterioles, Capillaries, venules, veins

Which of the ff projections of the elbow should demonstrate the radial head free of superimposition?

Which of the ff projections will best demonstrate acromioclavicular separation?

Which of the ff statements regarding myelography is (are) correct?

*SPinal puncture may be performed int he prone or flexed lateral position*The patient's neck must be in extension during Trendelenburg positions.

The term that refers to parts away from the source or beginning is

With the patient PA, the MSP centered to the grid, the OML forming a 37-degree angle with the IR, and the CR perpendicular and exiting the acanthion, which of the ff is best demonstrated?

The inhalation of liquid or solid particles into the nose, throat, or lungs is referred to as

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP) usually involves

*cannulation of the hepatopancreatic ampulla*introduction of contrast medium into the common bile duct

Which of the ff is (are) associated with a Colles' fracture?

*chip fracture of the ulnar styloid*posterior and backward displacement

The axiolateral, or horizontal beam, projection of the hip requires the IR to be placed

parallel to the long axis of the femoral neck*in contact with the lateral surface of the body

Which of the ff guidelines should be followed when performing radiographic examinations on pediatric patients?

Use restraint only when necessary

Which of the ff interventional procedures can be used to increase the diameter of a stenosed vessel?

*Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA)*Stent Placement

Important considerations for radiographic examinations of traumatic injuries to the upper extremity include

*both joints must be included in long bone studies*two views, at 90 degrees to each other, are required

Correct preparation for a patient scheduled for an upper GI series is most likely to be

The contraction and expansion of arterial walls in accordance with forceful contraction and relaxation of the heart are called

The AP Trendelenburg position is often used during upper GI examination to demonstrate

Which of the ff positions would be the best choice for a right shoulder examination to rule out fracture?

Which of the ff projections will best demonstrate the tarsal navicular free of superimposition?

AP oblque, medial rotation

Which of the ff bones participate(s) in the formation of the obturator foramen?1.Ilium2. Ischium3. Pubis

Which of the ff radiologic procedures requires that a contrast medium be injected into the renal pelvis via a catheter placed within the ureter?

The AP Projection of the coccyx requires that the CR be directed

2 inches superior to the pubic symphysis

Which of the ff views would best demonstrate the arthritic changes in the knees?

Which of the ff positions will demonstrate the lumbar apophyseal articulation?

Which of the ff will best demonstrate the size and shape of the liver and kidneys?

Correct preparation for a patient scheduled for a lower GI series is most likely to be

cathartics and cleansing enema

The AP axial projection, or "frog leg" position of the femoral neck places the patient in a supine position with the affected thigh

abducted 40 degrees from the vertical

Which of the ff precautions should be observed when radiographing a patient who has sustained a traumatic injury to the hip?

*When a fracture is suspected, manipulation of the affected extremity should be performed by a physician.*To evaluate the entire region, the pelvis typically is included in the initial examination

Which of the ff projections require(s) that the humeral epicondyles be perpendicular to the IR?

*Lateral forearm*Internal rotation shoulder

Prior to the start of an IVU, which of the ff procedures should be carried out?

*HAve px empty the bladder*Review the patient's allergy history.*Check the patient's creatinine level.

To demonstrate the entire circumference of the radial head, exposure(s) must be made with the

*Epicondyles perpendicular to the cassetehand *HAnd pronated and supinated as much as possible*Hand lateral and in internal rotation

In myelography, the contrast medium generally is injected into the

subarachnoid space between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae

To evaluate the interphalangeal joints in the oblique and lateral positions, the fingers

must supported parallel to IR

Which of the ff is (are) effective in reducing exposure to sensitive tissues for frontal views during scoliosis examinations?

*Use of PA position*Use of breast shields*Use of compensating filtration

Which type of articulation is evaluated in arthrography?

The laryngeal prominence is formed by the

In the AP projection of the ankle, the

*plantar surface of the foot is vertical*fibula projects more distally than the tibia

Which of the ff examinations most likely would be performed to diagnose Wilm's tumor?

To visualize or "open" the right SI joint, the patient is positioned

Deoxygenated blood from the head and thorax is returned to the heart by the

Which of the ff women is likely to have the most homogenous glandular breast tissue?

a postpubertal adolescent

Standard radiographic protocols may be reduced to include two views, at right angles to each other, in which of the ff positions?

Emergency and trauma radiography

Which of the ff is a condition in which an occluded blood vessel stops blood flow to a portion of lungs?

Ff the ingestion of a fatty meal, what hormone is secreted by the duodenal mucosa to stimulate contraction of the gallbladder?

Which of the ff projections is most likely to demonstrate the carpal pisiform free of superimposition?

Myelography is a diagnostic examination used to demonstrate

*posttraumatic swelling of the spinal cord*posterior disk herniation

Which of the ff blood chemistry levels must be the radiographer check prior to excretory urography?

Which of the ff are components of a trimalleolar fracture?

*Fractured lateral malleolus*Fractured medial malleolus*Fractured posterior tibia

The functions of which body system include mineral homeostasis, protection, and triglyceride storage?

The four major arteries supplying the brain include the

*Common carotid arteries*Vertebral arteries

Ingestion of the barium sulfate is contraindicated in which of the ff situations?

*Suspected perforation of a hollow viscus*Suspected large bowel obstruction*Preoperative patients

Which of the ff is a major cause of bowel obstruction in children?

Which of the ff statements is (are) correct, with respect to a left lateral projection of the chest?

*The MSP must be perfectly vertical and parallel to the IR*The right posterior ribs will be projected slightly posterior to the left posterior ribs*Arms must be raised high to preventupper-arm-soft-tissue superimposition on the lung field.

Which of the ff bones participate(s) in the formation of knee joint?

All the ff are palpable bony landmarks used in radiography of the pelvis except?

Lateral deviation of the nasal septum may be demonstrated in the

pariethoacanthial (Waters method) projection

Which of the ff structures should be visualized through the foramen magnum in the AP axial projection (Towne method) of the skull for occipital bone?

Posterior clinoid processesDorsum Sella

In the anterior oblique position of the cervical spine, the CR should be directed

Which of the ff is a functional study used to demonstrate the degree of AP motion present in the cervical spine?

Flexion and extension laterals

If a patient's zygomatic arch has been traumatically depressed or the patient has flat cheekbones, the arch maybe demonstrated by modifying the SMV projection and rotating the patient's head

15 degrees toward the side being examined

Which of the ff factors can contribute to hypertension?

Orthoroentgenography, or radiographic measurement of long bones of an upper or lower extremity, requires which of the ff accessories?

*Bell-Thompson scale*Bucky tray

Which of the ff is (are) demonstrated in a lateral projection of the cervical spine?

*Apophyseal joints*Intervertebral joints

In a lateral projection of the nasal bones, the CR is directed

3/4 inch distal tot he nasion

To make a patient as comfortable as possible during a single-contrast barium enema (BE), the radiographer should

*instruct the px to relax the abdominal muscles to prevent intra abdominal pressure*instruct the px to concentrate on breathing deeply to reduce a colonic spasm

Which of the ff positions will best demonstrate the right apophyseal articulations of the lumbar vertebrae?

Structures involved in blowout fractures include the

*orbital floor*inferior rectus muscle

Inspiration and expiration projections of the chest are performed to demonstrate

*partial or complete collapse of lobe(s)*air in the pleural cavity*foreign body

Shoulder arthrography is performed to

*demonstrate complete or partial rotator cuff tear*evaluate the glenoid labrum

Which of the ff positions will separate the radial head, neck, and tuberosity from superimposition on the ulna?

The most significant risk factor for breast cancer is

Which of the ff structures is located at the level of the interspace between the second and the third thoracic verterbrae?

For the AP projection of the scapula, the

*patient's arm is abducted at right angles to the body*patient's elbow is flexed with the hand supinated*exposure is made during quiet breathing

The innominate bone is located in the

The sternoclavicular joints are best demonstrated with the patient PA and

in a slight oblique position, affected side adjacent to the IR

Which of the ff sinus groups is demonstrated with the patient positioned as for a parietoacanthial projection (Waters Method) with the CR directed through the patient's open mouth?

Below-diaphragm ribs are better demonstrated when

the patient is in the recumbent position

Which of the ff positions is essential in radiography of the paranasal sinuses?

What projection of the os calsis is obtained with the leg extended, the plantar surface of the foot vertical and perpendicular to the IR, and the CR directed 40 degrees cephalad?

Axial plantodorsal projection