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Range of motion is the capability of a joint to go through its complete spectrum of movements. Range of motion of a joint can be passive or active. Definition - The definition of ROM varies among published sources; Kapandji and colleagues described ROM as “the extent of osteo-kinematic motion available for movement activities, functional or otherwise, with or without assistance” [1]
Measuring Range of Motion[edit | edit source]Devices to measure range of motion in the joints of the body include the Goniometer (image 2) and Inclinometer (image 3). Both use a stationary arm, protractor, fulcrum, and movement arm to measure angle from axis of the joint).[3] Of all the types, a universal goniometer is most widely used and comes in two forms: short arm and long arm.
Range of Motion Exercises[edit | edit source]Range of motion exercise refers to activity aimed at improving movement of a specific joint. This motion is influenced by several structures: configuration of bone surfaces within the joint, joint capsule, ligaments, tendons, and muscles acting on the joint. There are three types of range of motion exercises
Range of Motion Chart[edit | edit source]Each joint has a normal ROM, while each person has a different amount of ability to achieve it. Below are generally accepted values for a normal ROM for some individual joints as measured in degrees
Causes of Limited Range of Motion[edit | edit source]Limited range of motion refers to a joint that has a reduction in its ability to move. Motion may be limited because of a problem within the joint, swelling of tissue around the joint, stiffness of the muscles, or pain.[6] Medical conditions associated with a limited range of motion in the joints include:
Physiotherapy[edit | edit source]There are many reasons for seeing a physiotherapists if movement is reduced at a join. Range of motion therapy benefits
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