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A seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain. It can cause changes in behavior, movements or feelings, and in levels of consciousness. What is Seizure?Medical illustration of a brain with epilepsy | Mayo
ClassificationSeizures are classified as generalized or partial. Evaluating a child’s brain activity and behavioral activity via EEG | CHOC Children’s
PathophysiologySeizures are paroxysmal manifestations of the electrical properties of the cerebral cortex.
Statistics and IncidencesIncidences of seizure disorders in the United States and worldwide occurs as follows:
CausesIn a substantial number of cases, the cause of epilepsy remains unknown.
PhasesThe phases of seizure activity are prodromal, aural, ictal, and postictal.
Clinical ManifestationsThe clinical diagnosis of seizures is based on the history obtained from the patient and, most importantly, the observers.
Assessment and Diagnostic FindingsEpileptic seizures have many causes, and some epileptic syndromes have specific histopathologic abnormalities. Epilepsy Monitoring Units. This technology is also used in other hospital units, including the cardiovascular intensive care unit and the neurocritical neonatal intensive care unit. | CHOC Children’s
Medical ManagementThe goal of treatment in patients with epileptic seizures is to achieve a seizure-free status without adverse effects. Child with EEG electrodes attached to his head | Cerebral Palsy Guidance
Pharmacologic ManagementThe number of anticonvulsants has increased, offering many more medication choices for physicians and their patients.
Nursing ManagementNursing care for a child with seizure disorder include the following: Nursing AssessmentNursing assessment includes:
Nursing DiagnosisBased on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are:
Nursing Care Planning and GoalsThe major nursing goals for a child with seizure disorder are:
Nursing InterventionsNursing interventions for a child with seizure disorder include the following:
EvaluationGoals are met as evidenced by:
Documentation GuidelinesDocumentation in a child with seizure disorder include:
Practice Quiz: Seizure DisorderHere’s a 5-item quiz for seizure disorder study guide. Please visit our nursing test bank page for more NCLEX practice questions. 1. In diagnosing seizure disorder, which of the following is the most beneficial? A. Brain scan D. Electroencephalogram 1. Answer: D. Electroencephalogram
2. After explaining to the parents about their child’s unique psychological needs related to a seizure disorder and possible stressors, which of the following interests uttered by them would indicate further teaching? A. Dependency B. Cognitive delays C. Poor self-image D. Feeling different from peers 2. Answer: B. Cognitive delays
3. Tatiana has a seizure disorder; which of the following would be the lowest priority when caring for her? A. Assessing for signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP). B. Educating the family about anticonvulsant therapy. C. Observing and taking down data on all seizures. D. Assuring safety and protection from injury. 3. Answer: A. Assessing for signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure (ICP).
4. Angie is an adolescent who has a seizure disorder; which of the following would not be a focus of a teaching program? A. Peer pressure D. Increased risk of infections 4. Answer: D. Increased risk of infections
5. A nurse is giving discharge instructions to a client who will be taking phenobarbital (Luminal). The nurse would educate the client in which of the following that directly correlates with the safety of the client? A. Take the medication with meals only. D. Avoid using sleep aids while taking the medication. 5. Answer: D. Avoid using sleep aids while taking the medication.
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