What is an electronic device operating under the control of?

Electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, that can accept data, process the data according to specified rules, produce results, and store the results for future use.

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The COMPUTER is an electronic device operating under the control of instructions stored in it's own memory that can accept data.

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2 An electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory.

3  Perform 4 basic operations: › Input—accept data › Process—process the data according to specified rules › Output—produce results › Storage—Store the results for future use  Information Processing Cycle —this cycle changes data into information and stores it for future use. Information Processing Cycle

4  Data—a collection of unprocessed items such as text, numbers, images, audio, and video  Information—Conveys meaning and is useful to one or more people.  Computer Users/end users/users—people who use the computer directly or use the information it provides.

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6  Speed, reliability and accuracy  Capacity to store data and information  Ability to communicate

7  Computer programs or software— detailed set of instructions that tell the computer exactly what to do.

8  Input devices  Processor  Memory  Output Devices  Storage Devices  Communication Devices Housed in system unit

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10  Any hardware component that allows you to enter data, programs, commands, and user responses.  2 primary input devices › Keyboard › Mouse  Other input devices › Stylus—small metal/plastic pen-like device that uses pressure to write, draw or make selections on handheld computers such as smart phones, PDAs, etc. › PC Video camera › Scanner › Digital camera › microphone

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12  Case or chassis that contains electronic components or the computer used to process data. › Contains the motherboard or system board—main circuit board of the system unit.  Processor (CPU-Central Processing Unit)— interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer. › Control unit—interprets instructions › Arithmetic/logic unit—performs logical and arithmetic processes.

13  Memory—RAM (random access memory) › Electronic devices that store:  Instructions waiting to be executed by a processor  Data needed by those instructions  The results of processed data (information) › Measured in:  Kilobytes (K or KB)~ 1,000 memory locations  Megabytes (MB) ~ 1 million memory locations  Gigabytes  (GB) ~ 1 billion memory locations  A memory location or byte stores 1 character such as the letter A  Example—a computer with a 512 MB of memory can store approximately 512 million characters  1 megabyte can store 500 pages of text  1 gigabyte can store 500,000 pages of text

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15  Make the information resulting from processing available for use.  Printers › Impact printer—prints by striking an inked ribbon against the paper. Example: dot matrix printer › Nonimpact printers—form characters by means other than striking a ribbon against paper.  Ink-jet printers—produce text and graphics in both black/white and color on a variety of paper types and sizes.  The speed of an inkjet printer is measured by the number of pages per minute (ppm) it can print. Usually 6-33 ppm.  Photo printers—produce photo-quality pictures and are ideal for home or small business use.  Laser printers  high speed, high-quality  Converts data from the computer into a beam of light that is focused on a photo-conductor drum, forming the images to be printed.

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17  Display Devices—visually conveys text, graphics, and video information. › Monitor—packaged as a separate unit. Composed of individual picture elements called pixels. (A resolution of 800 X 600 pixels has a total of 480,000 pixels.)  Flat panel monitor  LCD monitor—most popular—uses liquid display crystal, similar to a digital watch, to produce images on the screen.  CRT (cathode ray tube)—TV like monitor  Portable media players

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20  Used to store instructions, data, and information when they are not being used in memory. › Magnetic disks—use magnetic particles to store items such as data, instructions, and information on a disk’s surface.  Formatting—the process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors, so the computer can locate the data, instructions, and information on the disk.  Track—a narrow recording band that forms a full circle on the surface of the disk.  Sectors—pie-shaped sections, which break the tracks into small arcs. Usually stores 512 bytes of data. › Portable storage medium—can be removed from one computer and carried to another.

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22 › Types of Magnetic disks:  Floppy disks (diskette)—inexpensive portable storage medium—low storage capacity  Floppy disk drive—a device that can read from and write on a floppy disk.  Access time—time required to access and retrieve data.

23 › Types of Magnetic disks:  Hard disks (hard disk drive)—a storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that magnetically store data, instructions, and information.  Head crash—when a read/write head touches a platter, usually resulting in loss of data or sometimes the entire drive.  Backup—a duplicate of a file, program, or disk that you can use in case the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed.

24  Optical Discs—portable storage medium that consists of flat, round, portable disc made of metal, plastic and lacquer that is written and read by a laser. › CD-ROM (compact disc read-only memory)—read but not write › CD-R (compact disc-recordable)—read and write once › CD-RW (compact disc-rewritable)—read and rewrite › DVD-ROM (digital versatile disk-read-only-memory)—read only › DVD-R (digital versatile disk-recordable)—read and write once) › DVD+R (digital versatile disk-recordable)—read and write once) › DVD-RW › DVD+RW › DVD+RAM

25 Tape is a magnetically coated ribbon of plastic housed in a tape cartridge – Tape drive

26 Miniature mobile storage media are rewriteable media usually in the form of a flash memory card, USB flash drive, or a smart card

27 A smart card stores data in a thin microprocessor embedded in the card Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 27

28 A communications device is a hardware component that enables a computer to send and receive data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers – Transmission media Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 28

29 System software consists of programs to control the operations of computer equipment – Operating system Microsoft Windows Vista Microsoft Windows XP Apple Mac OS X Linux – Booting (computer on & operating system loading) – Graphical user interface (GUI) Icon Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 29

30 Application software consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks – Word processing – Spreadsheet – Database – Presentation graphics Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 30

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32 A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communications devices and transmission media – Local area network – Wide area network Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 32

33 The world’s largest network is the Internet, which is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals – Internet service provider (ISP) – Online service provider (OSP) – Wireless Internet service provider (WISP) Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 33

34 The World Wide Web contains billions of documents called Web pages – Web page – Web site – Web browser – Uniform Resource Locator (URL) – Hypertext transfer protocol Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 34

35 When you conduct business activities online, you are participating in electronic commerce, also known as e-commerce – Business to consumer (B2C) – Consumer to consumer (C2C) – Business to business (B2B) Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 35

36 Do you want a desktop computer or mobile computer? For what purposes will you use the computer? Should the computer be compatible with the computers at school or work? Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 36

37 Determine the specific software you want to use on your computer Know the System Requirements of the Operating System Look for bundled software Avoid buying the least powerful computer available Consider upgrades to the mouse, keyboard, monitor, printer, microphone, and speakers Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 37

38 Determine whether you want to use telephone lines or broadband (cable or DSK) to access the Internet If you are using a dial-up or wireless connection to connect to the Internet, then select an ISP or OSP Use a worksheet to compare computers, services, and other considerations If you are buying a new computer, you have several purchasing options: buying from your school bookstore, a local computer dealer, a local large retail store, or ordering by mail via telephone or the Web If you are buying a used computer, stay with name brands such as Dell, Gateway, Hewlett-Packard, and Apple Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 38

39 If you have a computer and are upgrading to a new one, then consider selling or trading in the old one Be aware of hidden costs Consider more than just price Avoid restocking fees Use a credit card to purchase your new computer Consider purchasing an extended warranty or service plan Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 39

40 Purchase a notebook computer with a sufficiently large active-matrix screen Experiment with different keyboards and pointing devices Make sure the notebook computer you purchase has a CD and/or DVD drive If necessary, upgrade the processor, memory, and disk storage at the time of purchase Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 40

41 The availability of built-in ports and a port extender on a notebook computer is important If you plan to use your notebook computer for note-taking at school or in meetings, consider a notebook computer that converts to a Tablet PC Purchase a notebook computer with a built-in wireless network connection If you are going to use your notebook computer for long periods without access to an electrical outlet, purchase a second battery Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 41

42 Purchase a well-padded and well- designed carrying case If you travel overseas, obtain a set of electrical and telephone adapters If you plan to connect your notebook computer to a video projector, make sure the notebook computer is compatible with the video projector For improved security, consider a fingerprint scanner Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 42

43 Make sure the Tablet PC fits your mobile computing needs Decide whether you want a convertible or pure Tablet PC Be sure the weight and dimensions are conducive to portability Port availability, battery life, and durability are even more important with a Tablet PC than they are with a notebook computer Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 43

44 Experiment with different models of the Tablet PC to find the digital pen that works best for you Check out the comfort level of handwriting in different positions Make sure the LCD display device has a resolution high enough to take advantage of Microsoft’s ClearType technologies Test the built-in Tablet PC microphone and speakers Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 44

45 Consider a Tablet PC with a built-in PC video camera Review the docking capabilities of the Tablet PC Wireless access to the Internet and your e-mail is essential with a Tablet PC Review available accessories to purchase with your Tablet PC Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 45

46 Determine the programs you plan to run on your device Consider how much you want to pay Determine whether you need wireless access to the Internet and e-mail or mobile telephone capabilities with your device For wireless devices, determine how and where you will use the service Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 46

47 Make sure your device has enough memory and storage Practice with the touch screen, handwriting recognition, and built-in keyboard before deciding on a model Decide whether you want a color display Compare battery life Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 47

48 Seriously consider the importance of ergonomics Check out the accessories Decide whether you want additional functionality Determine whether synchronization of data with other devices or personal computers is important Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 48

49 Define the term computer and discuss the four basic computer operations: input, processing, output, and storage Define data and information Explain the principal components of the computer and their use Describe the use of magnetic disks, USB flash drives, and other storage media Discuss computer software and explain the difference between system software and application software Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 49

50 Identify several types of personal computer application software Discuss computer communications channels and equipment and the Internet and World Wide Web Define e-commerce Explain how to purchase a personal computer Microsoft Office 2007: Introductory Concepts and Techniques - Windows Vista Edition 50

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