What is the mechanism by which the aids virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?

Answer

What is the mechanism by which the aids virus causes deficiency of immune system of the infected person?
Verified

Hint: AIDS stands for Acquired immune deficiency syndrome. It is a syndrome in which the body loses its ability to fight infections.

Complete Answer:

- AIDS is caused by the HIV (Human immunodeficiency Virus) virus. HIV is a member of genus Lentivirus. HIV virus belongs to the family Retroviridae. - It is a late stage of infection because a person can live many years after the entry of HIV virus without experiencing any symptoms.- Symptoms can be seen after a long time. If the infection progresses, it increases the risk of other infections too like tuberculosis, tumors, etc. Modes of spreading:- Unprotected sex- Contaminated blood transfusion- Breastfeeding- Mother to child during pregnancy- Hypodermic needlesMechanism:- Virus after entering into the body first enters the macrophages cells (phagocytic cells of the immune system).- Inside the macrophages virus produce viral DNA from its RNA by using the enzyme Reverse transcriptase.- After that the viral DNA integrates itself into the host DNA and starts multiplying with the host DNA by the process of DNA replication.- At the same time viruses enter into the T-lymphocytes (White blood cell) and also multiply there in order to form more and more viral progenies.- The cell ruptures and releases viral progenies which then attack other T-lymphocytes.- As a result the number of T-lymphocytes in the body of the affected person decreased and thus decreased the power of the immune system of the affected person as T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes with other immune cells responsible for the proper functioning of the immune system.

Note: Immune system is a complex system which provides protection to the body against infection. It is a system of many cells, and proteins that work together to defend the body. The immune system also has memory cells which keep a record of every microbe that entered the body so that it can recognise and destroy that particular microbe when it enters the body again.


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Page 2

List of some of the factors that can affect AIDS progression

Appropriate drug treatment (eg. HAART)
Non-adherence to drug therapy
Stress
Nutrition and malnutrition
Genetic make up of the individual
Age
Gender
Pregnancy
Environmental factors
Special habits
Effects of other diseases (sexual transmitted diseases, STD)
The degree and frequency of virus exposure
Co-infection with other viruses
Risk activity (behavior)
Additional immunosuppressive factors
Ethnic background
Drug addiction
Hemophiliacs
Autoimmune diseases
Exercise