Term What is the recommended SID for a PA oblique projection of the sternum? | | Definition |
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Term True/False Instructing your patient to take in two deep breaths before making the exposure, is recommended for achieving a quality chest x-ray. | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following is the recommended respiration phase that should be used when examining the lower ribs? | | Definition |
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Term Which ribs are demonstrated on an AP oblique (RPO/LPO) projection? | | Definition |
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Term The part of the lung that extends above the clavicle is termed the: | | Definition |
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Term What is the central-ray angle for a PA chest radiograph? | | Definition |
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Term Which side of the patient's chest is placed against the IR for a ventral or dorsal decubitus lateral projection? | | Definition |
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Term The body habitus shown here, can be described as broad shouldered, with a short, wide lung base. It is called __________. | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following are required to produce a chest radiograph using a decubitus position? 1.) breathing technique 2.) patient in the recumbent position 3.) horizontal x-ray beam | | Definition |
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Term Which projection and body position will demonstrate the sternum through the heart? | | Definition |
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Term The above radiographic image demonstrates the right ribs elongated. There are only TWO views that will demonstrate the right ribs elongated. They are: | | Definition |
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Term What is the patient position for a lateral projection done in the dorsal decubitus position? | | Definition |
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Term How much is the body rotated for the PA oblique projection of the sternoclavicular articulation (body rotation technique)? | | Definition |
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Term How much should the body be rotated for a PA oblique projection of the sternum? | | Definition |
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Term When performing the PA oblique projection (body rotation technique) of the sternoclavicular articulations, which of the joints would be demonstrated? | | Definition the joint closest to the IR | |
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Term Where is the center of the IR positioned for a PA projection of sternoclavicular joints? | | Definition |
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Term What is the purpose for rolling the patient's shoulders forward when positioning for a PA chest x-ray? | | Definition moves the scapulae out of the lung field | |
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Term What is the respiration phase for the PA projection of the upper ribs? | | Definition |
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Term Each lung is divided into specific segments called: | | Definition |
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Term If the lateral decubitus position is used to demonstrate fluid in the pleural cavity, which side must the patient lie on? | | Definition |
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Term Your patient is positioned in a 10-15 degree RAO to visualize the sternum. Which of the following correctly describes where the CR will enter the body? | | Definition enters elevated side of posterior thorax, approximately 1 inch lateral to the midsagittal plane | |
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Term The central-ray angle for a lateral sternum is: | | Definition |
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Term What is the recommended SID for a PA chest radiograph? | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following projections would be used to demonstrate the sternum on a trauma patient who must remain relatively supine? | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following is the essential projection and body position for demonstration of the sternum? | | Definition |
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Term What is the central-ray angle for the Lindblom method (apical lordotic position) of demonstrating the pulmonary apices? | | Definition |
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Term An LPO will demonstrate the: | | Definition |
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Term How is the central ray positioned for an x-ray projection done with the patient placed in a decubitus position? | | Definition |
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Term The space between the two pleural walls is called the: | | Definition |
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Term Where is the IR centered for a PA oblique sternum? | | Definition seventh thoracic vertebra | |
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Term Which of the following form the bony thorax? 1.) sternum 2.) 12 pairs of ribs 3.) 12 thoracic vertebrae | | Definition |
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Term The central ray for a PA projection of the upper ribs is: | | Definition |
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Term What is recommended on how long should the patient remain in position before making the exposure when performing a projection in the lateral or dorsal decubitus position? | | Definition |
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Term The costophrenic angle is a part of the: | | Definition |
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Term Which plane must be accurately parallel with the IR to prevent distortion of the thoracic structures during a lateral chest radiograph? | | Definition |
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Term What is the most optimal position of the patient for examinations of the heart and lungs? | | Definition |
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Term The respiratory system proper consists of the: 1.) larynx 2.) trachea and bronchi 3.) both lungs | | Definition |
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Term Where should the patient's hands be positioned for an upright lateral sternum? | | Definition |
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Term The central-ray angle for the PA oblique projection of the sternum is: | | Definition |
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Term How far above the shoulders should the IR be positioned for PA and lateral chest radiographs? | | Definition |
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Term The central-ray angulation for a PA projection of the sternoclavicular joint is: | | Definition |
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Term The presence of gas or air in the pleural cavity is termed: | | Definition |
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Term The aspiration of a foreign particle in the lung would be termed: | | Definition |
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Term Why is the left lateral chest position the most commonly used for lateral radiographs of the chest? | | Definition patient's heart is closer to the IR | |
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Term What is the optimal respiration phase for a PA or lateral chest radiograph? | | Definition full inspiration—second breath | |
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Term Which of the following is/are the recommended position(s) for optimal demonstration of the upper anterior ribs? 1.) recumbent 2.) standing 3.) seated upright | | Definition |
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Term Functions of the stomach include: 1.) storage of food 2.) absorption of food products 3.) chemical breakdown of food | | Definition |
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Term One of the most important technical considerations in gastrointestinal radiography is: | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following are advantages of using the double contrast technique for examination of the stomach? 1.) fewer radiographs are required 2.) small lesions are not obscured 3.) the mucosal lining of the stomach can be more clearly visualized | | Definition |
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Term If a patient is unable to stand for an upright AP abdominal radiograph, which position should be used? | | Definition |
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Term What is the general body position for images that the radiographer takes of the esophagus? | | Definition |
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Term One of the primary reasons a left lateral decubitus abdominal radiograph is performed is to demonstrate: | | Definition |
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Term A properly exposed abdominal radiograph will exhibit the: 1.) psoas muscles 2.) lower border of the liver
3.) transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae | | Definition |
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Term A specific radiographic examination of the biliary ducts is termed: | | Definition |
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Term For which of the following projections of the abdomen is the x-ray beam placed in the horizontal position? 1.) lateral 2.) PA, upright 3.) AP, lateral decubitus | | Definition |
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Term What is the respiration phase for an AP abdominal radiograph done in the supine position? | | Definition |
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Term The expanded portion of the terminal esophagus is called the: | | Definition |
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Term Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal radiograph done in the upright position? | | Definition 2 inches above the iliac crests | |
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Term The routinely used methods of examining the stomach include: 1.) no contrast 2.) single contrast 3.) double contrast | | Definition |
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Term Food and fluid should be withheld for how many hours before a stomach examination? | | Definition |
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Term The most commonly performed abdominal examination is referred to as a(n): | | Definition |
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Term The patient "prep" for a morning stomach examination is: | | Definition food and fluid are withheld after midnight | |
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Term What is the average degree of body rotation for an oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum? | | Definition |
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Term The term rugae describes: | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following organ(s) is not in the retroperitoneal space? 1.) stomach 2.) gallbladder 3.) kidneys | | Definition |
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Term The muscle controlling the opening between the stomach and the duodenum is termed the: | | Definition |
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Term For all projections of the esophagus, the top of the IR is positioned at: | | Definition |
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Term Which projection of the stomach demonstrates its anterior and posterior surfaces? | | Definition |
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Term What is the recommended oblique projection and position for the best demonstration of the esophagus? | | Definition |
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Term True/False During an UGI, it is advisable to stand behind the radiologist when possible, to reduce exposure to yourself | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following is/are NOT common projections for an esophagus series? 1.) AP or PA 2.) left lateral decub 3.) RAO oblique | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following ensures air will rise into the fundus, and barium will flow into the body of the stomach? | | Definition |
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Term Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal radiograph done in the left lateral decubitus position? | | Definition 2 inches above the iliac crests | |
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Term The central-ray angulation for an AP abdominal radiograph is: | | Definition |
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Term The stomach will usually sit higher and more transversely with which body habitus: | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following planes is centered to the grid for the PA oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum? | | Definition a longitudinal plane midway between the vertebrae and the lateral border of the elevated side | |
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Term This question pertains to an UGI exam using air and barium as contrast: When looking at an image of the stomach taken with the patient in an LPO, you will see: | | Definition barium in the fundus, air in the body of the stomach | |
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Term Functions of the gallbladder include: 1.) storing bile 2.) concentrating bile 3.) filtering the blood | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following are essential projections/positions of the stomach and duodenum? 1.) AP projection, LAO 2.) PA projection, RAO 3.) PA projection, LAO | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following contrast mediums can be used for examinations of the gastrointestinal tract? 1.) air 2.) barium sulfate 3.) water-soluble iodinated solution | | Definition |
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Term What is the most common respiration phase for radiographic exposures of the stomach and intestines? | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following are components of the alimentary canal? 1.) mouth and pharynx
2.) stomach and intestine 3.) liver and pancreas | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following are prime considerations in producing a supine KUB image? 1.) include diaphragm, not symphysis pubis 2.) explain the breathing procedure to the patient 3.) center at the level of the iliac crest | | Definition |
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Term What is the average degree of body rotation for the PA oblique projection of the esophagus? | | Definition |
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Term Where is the center of the IR positioned for an AP abdominal radiograph (KUB) done in the supine position? | | Definition |
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Term At which level is the IR centered for an AP or PA oblique stomach and duodenum? | | Definition |
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Term The most common contrast medium used for radiologic examinations of the gastrointestinal tract is: | | Definition |
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Term Where is the center of the IR positioned for a lateral projection of the abdomen done in the dorsal decubitus position? | | Definition 2 inches above the iliac crests | |
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Term What is the respiration phase for an AP or PA abdominal radiograph done in the upright position? | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following are advantages of using the recumbent position for radiographs of the esophagus? 1.) varices are better filled 2.) easier to swallow barium 3.) more complete contrast filling, especially proximal part | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following planes is positioned to the center of the grid for the lateral projection of the stomach and duodenum? | | Definition a plane passing midway between the midcoronal plane and the anterior surface of the abdomen | |
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Term Which of the following are included as components of the alimentary canal? 1.) anus 2.) colon 3.) esophagus | | Definition |
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Term What is the central-ray angulation for the PA axial projection of the large intestine? | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following are included as components of the alimentary canal? 1.) anus 2.) colon 3.) esophagus | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following examinations requires the use of time markers on the radiographs? 1.) stomach 2.) small intestine 3.) large intestine | | Definition |
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Term The most distal portion of the small intestine is the: | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following could be considered essential projections for examination of the small intestine? 1.) AP (or PA depending on protocol) 2.) oblique 3.) lateral | | Definition |
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Term The majority of AP, PA, and oblique radiographs taken during a barium enema are done on 35X43-cm IRs. Where is the IR centered on sthenic patients for the majority of these projections? | | Definition |
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Term The large intestine is made up of a series of pouches called the: | | Definition |
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Term Which plane is centered to the grid for a lateral projection of the large intestine? | | Definition |
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Term The entire colon is best demonstrated in which projection? | | Definition |
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Term Which methods can be used to administer barium for a radiographic examination of the small intestine? 1.) by mouth (drinking) 2.) reflux filling via large volume barium enema 3.) enteroclysis | | Definition |
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Term Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the hepatic flexure of the ascending colon? | | Definition |
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Term The pouchlike portion of the large intestine that is situated below the junction of the ileum and colon is the: | | Definition |
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Term True/False The radiologist is the only person allowed to control the flow of barium by opening and closing the flow-lock. | | Definition |
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Term Which projections will clearly demonstrate the right colic flexure? 1.) right lateral
2.) AP oblique, LPO 3.) PA oblique, RAO | | Definition |
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Term The vermiform appendix of the colon is attached to the: | | Definition |
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Term How far is the enema tip inserted into the rectum for a colon examination? | | Definition |
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Term The degree of body rotation for the PA oblique projection (RAO or LAO) of the large intestine is: | | Definition |
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Term Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the right colic flexure? | | Definition |
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Term The contraction waves by which the digestive tube moves its contents toward the rectum are called: | | Definition |
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Term Which position should the patient be placed in to insert the enema tip for a barium enema? | | Definition |
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Term How far above the patient is the enema bag placed during a barium enema? | | Definition |
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Term True/False Ideally, the water used to mix barium should be between 85-90 degrees to ensure patient comfort. | | Definition |
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Term At which plane is the central ray positioned for the PA oblique projections (LAO or RAO) of the large intestine? | | Definition a longitudinal plane 1 to 2 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side | |
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Term Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the left colic flexure? | | Definition |
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Term Where is the IR centered for all decubitus projections of the large intestine? | | Definition |
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Term The opening between the small intestine and the large intestine is called the: | | Definition |
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Term Which projections taken during a barium enema will demonstrate the rectosigmoid area? 1.) lateral 2.) PA axial 3.) AP axial | | Definition |
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Term The PA oblique projection of the colon done in the LAO position clearly demonstrates the: | | Definition |
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Term Methods of radiographically examining the colon include: 1.) enteroclysis 2.) single contrast 3.) double contrast | | Definition |
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Term The central-ray angulation for the AP axial projection of the large intestine is: | | Definition 30 to 40 degrees cephalad | |
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Term The small intestine is divided into how many distinct portions? | | Definition |
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Term Preparation of the intestinal tract for examination of the colon includes: 1.) laxatives 2.) dietary restrictions 3.) cleansing enemas | | Definition |
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Term The first small intestine radiograph is taken how many minutes after the patient drinks barium? | | Definition |
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Term The degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the large intestine is: | | Definition |
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Term The main functions of the large intestine are: 1.) digestion of food 2.) reabsorption of fluids 3.) elimination of waste products | | Definition |
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Term Where is the IR centered for delayed radiographs of the small intestine after 45 minutes? | | Definition level of the iliac crests | |
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Term At what level is the center of the IR positioned for a lateral projection of the rectosigmoid area? | | Definition |
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Term The main functions of the small bowel are: 1.) digestion of food 2.) absorption of food 3.) storage of food | | Definition |
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Term The patient preparation for a small intestine examination is: | | Definition food and fluid withheld after the evening meal and no breakfast | |
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Term When trying to visualize the urinary system, position the patient in an RPO will result in: | | Definition Seeing the upside kidney parallel to the IR, and the downside ureter free of super imposition from the spine | |
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Term Where is the IR standard for nearly all abdominal radiographs taken during examination of the urinary system? | | Definition |
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Term What type of motion is used to cleanse the skin before venapuncture? | | Definition |
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Term The ureteral pelvic junction (or UP junction) describes: | | Definition Where the ureters enter the kidneys | |
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Term The urinary system includes which of the following? 1.) urethra 2.) two kidneys 3.) suprarenal glands | | Definition |
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Term Severe reaction to a medication or contrast medium would be | | Definition |
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Term T or F: Just before beginning and IVU exam, it is important to make sure the patient does not use the bathroom to urinate | | Definition |
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Term Which technique is used to get contrast medium into the urinary bladder for cystogram? | | Definition Retrograde filling technique | |
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Term Where is the IR centered for an AP axial projection of the urinary bladder (cystogram)? | | Definition 2 inches above the upper border of the pubic symphysis | |
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Term Which of the following is true with regard to the use of injection needle to use for venipuncture?1.) steel needles may be sterilized and used again2.) The needles may only be used one time 3.) all needles can be sterilized and used again | | Definition |
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Term For which anatomical areas is the retrograde technique used? | | Definition Bladder, low ureters, and urethra | |
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Term What serves as a reservoir for urine? | | Definition |
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Term When blood or medication injected into a vessel leaks out, it is called: | | Definition |
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Term Which of the following is true regarding the kidneys? | | Definition Left kidney is longer and narrower than the right | |
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Term Preparation of the patient for an IVU includes: | | Definition A light evening meal, a non-gas forming laxative, NPO after midnight | |
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Term The technique of injecting contrast media into a vein and taking radiographs of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder is termed: | | Definition |
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Term What is the central ray angulation for the PA axial urinary bladder? | | Definition |
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Term Where is the compression applied during the IVU | | Definition Distal ends of the ureters | |
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Term Guidelines from which of the following organizations must be adhered to with regards to venipuncture administration? | | Definition Professional society (ASRT), state agencies, the institution | |
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Term What is the central-ray angle for the AP Oblique projections of the urinary system? | | Definition |
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Term Which projection would place the right kidney perpendicular to the IR? | | Definition |
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Term The respiration phase for radiographs made during intravenous urography is | | Definition |
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Term Where does the ureters enter the bladder? | | Definition |
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Term How much fluid can the adult bladder hold | | Definition |
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Term Compression should not be used during an IVU if the patient has | | Definition An aneurysm or a colostomy | |
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Term Functions of the kidney include: | | Definition 1.) removing waste products from the blood2.) Maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance 3.) secreting substances that affect blood pressure | |
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Term A radiologic technology just may initiate being a puncture in a minister contracts on the order of | | Definition |
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Term What is true regarding non-ionic contrast media? | | Definition cost is higher and less likely to cause a reaction | |
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Term The common reactions to contrast media include | | Definition |
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Term A radiographic examination of the urinary bladder is termed: | | Definition |
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Term How much will the kidneys drop in the change from supine to the upright position? | | Definition |
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Term The abbreviation for the excretory technique of urography is: | | Definition |
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Term IV medications are administered via the: | | Definition |
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Term The vast majority of all reactions to contrast media occur within how many minutes after injection? | | Definition |
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Term The center of the compression device that is placed over the lower ureters during intravenous urography is positioned: | | Definition |
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Term The cup-shaped recesses in the center of each kidney that receive the urine from the collecting ducts are called the: | | Definition |
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Term Which projections are used during a cystogram? | | Definition |
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Term How much is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection of the urinary bladder during a cystogram? | | Definition |
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Term The radiographic examination of the urethra is called | | Definition |
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Term Significant reactions to contrast media include: | | Definition Nausea, vomiting, edema of the respiratory mucous membrane | |
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Term What is the average length of the adult ureter? | | Definition |
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Term The average length of the male urethra is | | Definition |
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Term The greatest concentration of contrast appears in the kidneys after how many minutes post injection? | | Definition |
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Term The concentration of iodine in ionic contrast media is | | Definition |
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