Nutrition-plate IV Picmonic When enteral feeding is contraindicated in patients, nutrition can be provided intravenously. This method is called total parenteral nutrition (TPN) or parenteral nutrition (PN). TPN solutions usually contain fat emulsions (lipids), dextrose, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals; these components can be customized to meet the individual nutritional needs of each patient. Each TPN preparation should be administered slowly, using an infusion pump, through a large, central vein. Side effects may include nausea and vomiting, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and refeeding syndrome. Remember, no added medications should be given through the designated TPN line. 8 KEY FACTS
Total Parenteral Nutrition or (TPN feeding)is a method of administration of essential nutrients to the body through a central vein. TPN therapy is indicated to a client with a weight loss of 10% the ideal weight, an inability to take oral food or fluids within 7 days post surgery, and hypercatabolic situations such as major infection with fever. TPN solutions requires water (30 to 40 mL/kg/day), energy (30 to 45 kcal/kg/day, depending on energy expenditure), amino acids (1.0 to 2.0 g/kg/day, depending on the degree of catabolism), essential fatty acids, electrolytes, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. These solutions can be adjusted, depending on the presence of organ system impairment or the specific nutritional needs of the client. TPN is usually used in hospital, subacute and long-term care, but it is also used in the home care settings. Nursing Care PlansThe major goals for the patient undergoing total parental nutrition may include improvement of nutritional status, maintaining fluid balance, and absence of complications. Here are four (4) total parenteral nutrition nursing care plans (NCP) and nursing diagnosis:
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