QUARTER 4-MODULE 1Distinguishing Technical Terms Used in ResearchResearch is defined as a systematic and scientific process to answer questions about facts and relationshipbetween facts. It can also be defined as an activity involved in seeking answer to unanswered questions. It seeksto generate an answer to the problems as well as suggesting additional questions in need of further inquiry.Aside from knowing the term research itself, knowing other common research terminologies help youunderstand how to read and interpret scholarly journal articles so you can more effectively apply the results toreal life situations.The following are basic terms and their definitions:1. Analysis is a method of organizing, sorting, and scrutinizing data in such a way that a research question can beansweredor meaningful inferences can be drawn.2. Bibliography is a list of all the sources used in the process of researching.3. Concept refers to a mental idea of a phenomenon. These are words or terms that symbolize some aspects ofreality. e. g. love, pain.4. Conclusion provides a summary of the research.5. Data is an information that can be words or numbers.6. Data Gathering Tools refer to the devices/ instruments used to collect data such as questionnaire or computer-assisted interviewing system.7. Data Presentation involves the use of a variety of different graphical techniques.8. Descriptive study is a research design that describes “what is”(e.g. a survey).9. In-Text Citation is the brief form of the reference included in the body of one’s work. 10.Limitations arerestrictions in a study that may decrease the credibility and generalizability of the research findings.11. Literature review is a critical summary or research on a topic of interest, generally prepared to put a researchproblem in context or to identify gaps and weaknesses in prior studies so as to justify a new investigation.12. Plagiarism is the unethical practice of using words or ideas of another author/researcher without properacknowledgement.13. Quantitative Research is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical data.14. Questionnaire is a set of questions used to gather information in a survey.15. Research Topic is a subject or issue that a researcher is interested in when conducting a research.16. Respondents are those persons who have been invited to participate in a particular study and have actuallytaken part in the study.17. Research Question is the question around which a researcher centers his/ her research.18. Sample is a part or subset of population selected to participate in the research study.19. Socio Demographic Profile includes age, sex, education, migration, background and ethnicity, religiousaffiliation, marital status, household, employment, and income.We Serve with PASSION, for the Good of the NATIONRepublic of the PhilippinesDepartment of EducationRegion IIIDIVISION OF SAN JOSE CITYCAANAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOLBrgy. Caanawan, San Jose City, Nueva Ecija 3121Tel. No. (044) 803-5490SHORTENED MODULE IN ENGLISH 10Quarter 4 – Module 2:Give Technical and Operational DefinitionsThe module is divided into two lessons, namely:•Lesson 1 – Technical Definitions•Lesson 2 – Operational DefinitionsAfter going through this module, you are expected to:1. give the meaning and purpose of technical and operational definitions in research;2. interpret technical and operational definitions; and3. identify the difference between technical and operational definitions.What is ItLesson 1: Technical DefinitionsA technical definition states or describes exactly the nature, scope, or meaningof something.Guidelines for Writing Technical Definitions1. Be accurate. Use precise terms.Examples:Weak definition:Data is an information in digital form that can be transmitted or processed.Accurate and precise definition:Data are the quantities, characters, or symbols on whichoperations are performed by a computer, being stored and transmitted in the form of electricalsignals and recorded on magnetic, optical, or mechanical recording media.
