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Ex 3.2, 2 On comparing the ratios 𝑎1/𝑎2 , 𝑏1/𝑏2 & 𝑐1/𝑐2 , find out whether the lines representing the following pair of linear equations intersect at a point, parallel or coincident 5x – 4y + 8 = 0 ; 7x + 6y – 9 = 0 5x – 4y + 8 = 0 7x + 6y – 9 = 0 5x – 4y + 8 = 0 Comparing with a1x + b1y + c1 = 0 ∴ a1 = 5 , b1 = −4 , c1 = 8 7x + 6y – 9 = 0 Comparing with a2x + b2y + c2 = 0 ∴ a2 = 7 , b2 = 6 , c2 = −9 ∴ a1 = 5 , b1 = −4 , c1 = 8 & a2 = 7 , b2 = 6 , c2 = −9 𝒂𝟏/𝒂𝟐 𝑎1/𝑎2 = 5/7 𝒃𝟏/𝒃𝟐 𝑏1/𝑏2 = (−4)/6 𝑏1/𝑏2 = (−2)/3 𝒄𝟏/𝒄𝟐 𝑐1/𝑐2 = 8/(−9) 𝑐1/𝑐2 = (−8)/9 Since 𝑎1/𝑎2 ≠ 𝑏1/𝑏2 So, have unique solution Therefore, the lines that represent the linear equations intersect at a point
Solution: For any pair of linear equation a₁ x + b₁ y + c₁ = 0 a₂ x + b₂ y + c₂ = 0 a) a₁/a₂ ≠ b₁/b₂ (Intersecting Lines) b) a₁/a₂ = b₁/b₂ = c₁/c₂ (Coincident Lines) c) a₁/a₂ = b₁/b₂ ≠ c₁/c₂ (Parallel Lines) (i) 5x - 4y + 8 = 0 and 7x + 6 - 9 = 0 a₁ = 5, b₁ = - 4, c₁ = 8 a₂ = 7, b₂ = 6, c₂ = - 9 a₁/a₂ = 5/7...(1) b₁/b₂ = -4/6 = -2/3...(2) From (1) and (2) a₁/a₂ ≠ b₁/b₂ Therefore, they are intersecting lines at a point. (ii) 9x + 3y + 12 = 0 and 18x + 6y + 24 = 0 a₁ = 9, b₁ = 3, c₁ = 12 a₂ = 18, b₂ = 6, c₂ = 24 a₁/a₂ = 9/18 = 1/2...(1) b₁/b₂ = 3/6 = 1/2...(2) c₁/c₂ = 12/24 = 1/2...(3) From (1), (2) and (3) a₁/a₂ = b₁/b₂ = c₁/c₂= 1/2 Therefore, they are coincident lines. (iii) 6x – 3y + 10 = 0 and 2x – y + 9 = 0 a₁ = 6, b₁ = - 3, c₁ = 10 a₂ = 2, b₂ = - 1, c₂ = 9 a₁/a₂ = 6/2 = 3...(1) b₁/b₂ = - 3/(- 1 ) = 3...(2) c₁/c₂ = 10/9...(3) From (1), (2) and (3) a₁/a₂ = b₁/b₂ ≠ c₁/c₂ Therefore, they are parallel lines. ☛ Check: Class 10 Maths NCERT Solutions Chapter 3 Video Solution: On comparing the ratios a₁/a₂, b₁/b₂ and c₁/c₂, find out whether the lines representing the following pairs of linear equations intersect at a point, are parallel or coincident: (i) 5x – 4y + 8 = 0 7x + 6y – 9 = 0 (ii) 9x + 3y + 12 = 0 18x + 6y + 24 = 0 (iii) 6x – 3y + 10 = 0 2x – y + 9 = 0NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths - Chapter 3 Exercise 3.2 Question 2 Summary: On comparing the ratios a₁/a₂, b₁/b₂ and c₁/c₂, we have seen whether the lines representing the following pairs of linear equations intersect at a point, are parallel or coincident to each other as follows: (i) 5x – 4y + 8 = 0 7x + 6y – 9 = 0 they are intersecting lines at a point. (ii) 9x + 3y + 12 = 0 18x + 6y + 24 = 0 they are coincident lines. (iii) 6x – 3y + 10 = 0 2x – y + 9 = 0 they are parallel lines. ☛ Related Questions:
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