Systems analysis and design, as it is sometimes called, is the process of creating and maintaining information systems. Notice that this process concerns information systems, not just computer programs. Building computer networks, writing computer programs, and implementing data models require technical skills. But there are many other non-technical skills required in systems analysis and design. Establishing the system's goals, setting up the projects, determining requirements, interviewing users and understanding their views of the business, and designing procedures require business knowledge and an understanding of group dynamics. Show Systems development is not exclusively a technical task undertaken by programmers and hardware specialists. Rather, it require coordinated teamwork by both specialists and non-specialists with business knowledge. The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC): The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is the classical process used to acquire information systems. The number of phases in each process varies by organization and author. Three of the most common use eight-, seven-, and five-phase processes. To keep it simple, we will look at the five-phase process:
The figure below shows how these phases are related: What is systems development life cycle (SDLC)? (SDLC is also an abbreviation for Synchronous Data Link Control). The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model used in project management that describes the stages involved in an information system development project, from an initial feasibility study through maintenance of the completed application. Various SDLC methodologies have been developed to guide the processes involved, including the waterfall model (which was the original SDLC method); rapid application development (RAD); joint application development (JAD); the fountain model; the spiral model; build and fix; and synchronize-and-stabilize. Frequently, several models are combined into some sort of hybrid methodology. Documentation is crucial regardless of the type of model chosen or devised for any application, and is usually done in parallel with the development process. Some methods work better for specific types of projects, but in the final analysis, the most important factor for the success of a project may be how closely the particular plan was followed. In general, an SDLC methodology follows the following steps:
The link below talks more about it: An effective System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) should result in a high quality system that meets customer expectations, reaches completion within time and cost evaluations, and works effectively and efficiently in the current and planned Information Technology infrastructure. System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model which includes policies and procedures for developing or altering systems throughout their life cycles. SDLC is used by analysts to develop an information system. SDLC includes the following activities −
Phases of SDLCSystems Development Life Cycle is a systematic approach which explicitly breaks down the work into phases that are required to implement either new or modified Information System. Feasibility Study or Planning
Analysis and Specification
System Design
Implementation
Maintenance/Support
Life Cycle of System Analysis and DesignThe following diagram shows the complete life cycle of the system during analysis and design phase. Role of System AnalystThe system analyst is a person who is thoroughly aware of the system and guides the system development project by giving proper directions. He is an expert having technical and interpersonal skills to carry out development tasks required at each phase. He pursues to match the objectives of information system with the organization goal. Main Roles
Attributes of a Systems AnalystThe following figure shows the attributes a systems analyst should possess − Interpersonal Skills
Analytical Skills
Management Skills
Technical Skills
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